Brad Pitt

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Ø Who is her favourite actor?

a. Russell Crow

b. Brad Pitt

c. Hugh Grant

Ø What does she like about Brad Pitt?

a. He makes great movies.

b. His life is scandal free.

c. He has a good smile.

Ø What movie does she NOT mention?

a. Fighting Club

b. Ocean’s 11

c. Mr. and Mrs. Smith

Ø What do they talk about?

a. Brad Pitt’s personal life

b. The story of his latest movie

c. A time she met him

Ø Who does she think Brad Pitt should be with?

a. Angelina Jolie

b. Jennifer Anniston

c. Neither one

Ø What does she look for in a guy?

a. His body and posture

b. His hair and style

c. His smile and eyes

Todd: So, Kate, are you into movies?

Kate: Erm yeah, I watch them from time to time.

Todd: What actors or actresses do you like?

Kate: My favourite actor would be Brad Pitt.

Todd: Really, Brad Pitt? Now is that because he’s handsome or because he’s a good actor?

Kate: Erm, he’s handsome but he’s actually a very good actor. I like him because he is very well respected in Hollywood. You look at the other actors and they’ve all had these scandals: drinking scandals, drug scandals but I haven’t heard of anything about Brad Pitt.

Todd: That’s true actually, when you come to think of it I never have. What’s a movie that he was in that you really like?

Kate: Mm Oceans Eleven. That was a very very good movie.

Todd: Yeah, any other movies that you really liked?

Kate: I can’t think of the names right now but he has a recent movie out called ‘Mr and Mrs Smith’ and it’s with Angelina Jolie. Did you hear about that? They heard….Angelina Jolie is said to have been with Brad Pitt while they were making the movie, although Brad Pitt is supposed to have been with Jennifer Anniston.

Todd: Right so they’re married, right?

Kate: Yes, they were.

Todd: They were married?

Kate: They separated.

Todd: But they’re not divorced?

Kate: Not divorced, no.

Todd: Oh ok, no I didn’t know that. So as a Brad Pitt fan who do you think is more his type? Mrs Jolie or Mrs Anniston?

Kate: I prefer Jennifer Anniston because she’s more calm and more… they seem like they could have a nice little family together but Angelina Jolie, she’s very wild and keeps partying and…

Todd: Yeah they do seem like they’re different, that’s true.

Kate: Yeah, very different.

Todd: What is it about Brad Pitt’s features that you think make him attractive?

Kate: I like his smile and his eyes. That’s generally what I go for.

Todd: So in a guy you look for a nice smile and nice eyes?

Kate: Definitely. From first look, first impression, definitely the smile and eyes. If they stand out I will go for them.

Todd: Oh very interesting. Ok, thanks

Language Point

☼ from time to time = sometimes

She always wears a hat when she goes out.
usually
often

sometimes
hardly
never

CF. She is always busy.

☼ would, could, might – less certain

There is someone at the door.

It is Julie.

will be Julie.
must
can

should
could/would
may/might

She is certainly/definitely/probably/ possibly/perhaps sick.
She will probably/ possibly/perhaps be pregnant.
Maybe she is sick.

Example: You are right. →

☼ well-respected ← X respects him well.

It is well done. (do it well)

The bag is well made. (make a bag very well)
The picture is . (take a picture)
Your idea is . (think about a idea well)
The pasta is . (cook pasta well)

☼ have + P.P – focus is on the action. the time is not important

I have seen the film. → When did you see it? → I saw it last week.

She hasn’t done the dishes yet. → so the dishes are still dirty.
We have met him a couple of times.
I have already eaten. → so I’m full.

CF. He lived in this house for 10 years. (He doesn’t live here any more.)
He has lived in this house for 10 years. (He still lives here.)

She has been to the supermarket. (There’s food in the fridge.)
She has gone to the supermarket. (She’s in the supermarket now.)

Where have you been?

☼ It is a movie (that/which) he is in

This is the place. I like it. → This is the place (that/which) I like.
It is a movie. He is in it. → It is a movie (that) he is in.
She is my friend. I went to school with her. → She is my friend (who) I went to school with.

Examples: She is the girl. You met her last night. →
He is the guy. I live with him. →
This is the book. I told you about it yesterday. →
Do you still have the money? He gave you the money. →
It is the weather. I like it about Australia. →
Is there anything? I can help you with it. →
CF. This is the house. It has a garden. → This is the house that/which has a garden.
I have a friend. The friend sends me a Christmas card every year.

→ I have a friend who sends me ……

☼ be supposed to

Thai food is supposed to be very spicy. (presumed to be true)
Our team is supposed to win. (firmly believed, expected)
You were supposed to pay your rent yesterday. (required)

We are not supposed to smoke inside. (permitted)

What am I supposed to do? (should)

☼ keep/finish/stop/quit/give up/postpone/delay/deny/avoid/ admit/practice/imagine/mind/miss/enjoy/regret + verb -ing

We should avoid drinking before driving.

He enjoys cooking.

She kept sending me rude emails.

I regret spending a lot of money on clothes.

Examples: Make up sentences with each verb

☼ seem like….- giving your opinion

She seems nice.

She seems like a nice person.
She seems like she’s having fun. = It seems like she’s having fun.
= It seems (to me) that she’s having fun.
She seemed to be a nice person.

Examples: I think it doesn’t work. → It
It looks broken. →
I think we have enough food.
I think people next door are having a party.

The jacket looks too big for me.

I don’t think this building is old.

They look like a married couple.

Life on Mars

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• Audio mp3 file available upon request

Life on Mars

Warm up

Q1. What other planets are there around the Earth?

Q2. Do you believe there are other living creatures in space? And why?

Post-listening

Q1. How long does it take to get to Mars and come back?

Q2. Is there any air or water on Mars? What does Mars look like?

Q3. What is the thing that is regarded as the most crucial element in succeeding in getting back to the Earth after landing on Mars?

Q4. There was a suggestion by a professor regarding the fuel problem. What was it?

Solar System

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto

Last week the space shuttle Discovery was given a big welcome home after another trip to the space station. Everyone was very happy the crew had safely completed a dangerous space walk to fix a solar wing. But it might not be that long before astronauts are going on much longer and riskier trips. Scientists say it’s time for the next big step into space. That could mean a moon base – or life on Mars. Here’s Sarah.

The red planet!

For centuries people have wondered if there’s life up there on the mysterious red deserts of Mars

Now we know more about it. We’ve sent robots to have a look and well, there aren’t any Martians.

But what if humans could live there?

It’s not that far fetched.

PRESIDENT GEORGE BUSH: Today I announce a new plan to explore space and extend a human presence across our solar system.

That’s right…. he’s talking about humans living in space. NASA’s already looking at setting up camp on the moon.

China, India and Japan have their own lunar plans and after that Mars.

SARAH LARSEN: If you’re looking for somewhere to go in space, Mars is the obvious choice. Sure, there aren’t any beaches and you can’t breathe the atmosphere but as far as planets go it’s the closest environment to Earth’s in this part of the galaxy.

It’s a lot like some Earth deserts. And there are tourist attractions – - huge mountains, canyons…. as well as some serious dust storms.

But you won’t be able to go there for the weekend. Q1. It would take half a year to get to Mars… then you’d have to wait a year and a half for earth to get closer before you could come back. That’s a two and half a year round trip… at least.
SARAH LARSEN: For a stay that long, you need some serious supplies…

That means more than an extra pair of undies; it means a lot of air, water, food and fuel.

There’s no way you could take all that with you, so scientists reckon they’ll have to make it when they get there.

DR CHARLIE LINEWEAVER: Well one of the better ideas is to figure out what’s going to be there when we get there and how to use it. Got to live of the land kind of strategy

Q2. The air on Mars is mostly carbon dioxide. We can’t breathe it but some plants can. And carbon dioxide has oxygen in it so scientists reckon if we can get it out we might have something to breathe. We could even grow food in inflatable greenhouses.

Then there’s water. Mars has some, but it’s frozen, so we’d have to melt it.

The reason why it’s frozen is it’s so cold the temperature never gets above freezing so we might need heaters.

Q3.And to do all those things, we’d need fuel.

Q4. DR CHARLIE LINEWEAVER: I think the most plausible plans are to make fuel on Mars. And the first thing you do is to send up the robotic equipment and tanks to do this. What do you do you need the hydrogen and oxygen well there already there on Mars.

But while getting people to mars isn’t looking too hard getting them back would be a lot more difficult.
The problem is taking the huge amount of fuel for the trip home.

PROFESSOR ROD BOSWELL: It would be unthinkable. You have to loft that off the Earth. So there would be too many tonnes. You just couldn’t do it I don’t think.

But Professor Boswell says there would be plenty of astronauts willing to go to Mars even if they couldn’t ever come back.

There’s a lot to think about… and I wouldn’t pack your bags for a Martian holiday just yet.

But it looks like in your lifetime life on the red planet could become a reality.

Language point

* even if, even though ……

It’s nice, a bit expensive, though.
It can be fixed, it won’t be the same as before, though.

* verb+-able

believable, thinkable, edible, wearable, watchable, removable, breathable, drinkable, inflammable, inflatable…

Ex. fix / walk / reach / listen / compare / visit / access / wash ……….

* as far as … goes, as far as I’m concerned

—– in my opinion, from my perspective

as far as I know, as far as I can tell,

Examples:

As far as cars are concerned, he is an expert.

As far as I’m concerned, she’s dead.

As far as moving goes, we need to hire a bigger van to move all our stuff.

As far as transport goes, Sydney is not one of best cities.

Survival Basics

Download the file to print out.
survival-basics.doc

Audio- http://www.soundupload.com/audio/964apef8ur0icvv

 

Survival Basics

Pre-listening (Part 1)

Q1. What is the worst accident that happened to you in the past?
Q2. Do you remember any news about people who survived a serious accident, such as building collapse or fire?

Word Check

rescue trapped dig horizontal

concrete drill explosions crack upwards

collapse end up damage drip

Listen to Part 1

Q1. What happened to two men in the story?

Q2. What did people do to get the men out?

Q3. How long had they been trapped?

Q4. What kind of food did they eat while there were trapped underground?

Listen again and answer the missed questions from above.

Part 1

The final stages of the rescue of two Beaconsfield miners, trapped one kilometre underground, took much longer than anyone expected.

The rescuers used a huge machine to dig a horizontal tunnel, one metre wide and almost 16 metres long.

But when they started digging the last part by hand, they hit rock like this.

It’s 5 times harder than concrete.

So they drilled lots of smaller holes and set off small explosions to crack the rock and make it easier to dig through.

Then they had to dig upwards, being careful not to cause a collapse.

So Todd Russell and Brant Webb ended up spending two weeks trapped in the mine.

They didn’t eat for the first five days and only drank small amounts of water.

It seems amazing that anyone can go for so long and still be OK.

So we asked Lucy to find out more about what our bodies need to survive and which things are most important.

Pre-listening (Part 2)

Q1. How long do you think people can survive without water?

Q2. How long do think people can survive without food?
Q3. There are meat, fish, fruit, vegetables, bread, nuts and water.
What would you eat to survive?

Word Check

desert island strand carbohydrate fibre lung
kidney juggle equivalent of crumpet diabetes

asthma obese plenty of a tub of fizzy drinks

Listen to Part 2

Q1. How much energy do 100g of almonds compared to the same amount of tuna and bread?
Q2. What is “kilojoule”?

Q3. How does our body use up energy? Do we need energy when we are asleep, too?

Q4. What happens when you burn less energy than you put into your body?

Q5. Why are more kids putting on weight these days?
Q6. How long can people survive without food? What about without water?

Part 2

If you were stranded on a desert island, what food would you choose to help you survive?

100 g of tuna, 100 g of wholemeal bread or 100 g of almonds? If you chose the almonds, you would probably survive the longest.

The almonds have five times the energy of the tuna and twice the energy of the bread.

Fish is high in protein, bread is high in carbohydrate and almonds are high in fat

Because fat has the most kilojoules per gram it provides us with the most energy we need to survive.

People stranded at sea or lost in the desert have been known to survive on very little food. This man was lost for three months and ate anything he could find.

RICKY MEGEE: Leeches out of the dam, frogs, grasshoppers.

The miners trapped underground at Beaconsfield didn’t eat anything for five days. At first they survived on small amounts of water but eventually they would have needed some food.

LUCY, REPORTER: Food is fuel for our bodies. As I burn this marshmallow, the sugar, which is the fuel, creates energy in the form of heat and light. And when I eat the marshmallow, the sugar provides me with energy to do all sorts of things like…juggle.

Energy is measured in kilojoules. This apple has about 300 KJ so if I eat it, I will then have enough energy to do some exercise. But how much do we need to eat?

The amount of energy that you put into your body by eating should be balanced with the amount of energy your body uses up. Even when we’re resting we are using up energy to keep our hearts beating, lungs breathing, kidneys filtering, brain thinking. We even use energy when we are asleep.

Most children need to eat about 10,000 kilojoules per day to provide the energy they need for an active lifestyle.

That’s the equivalent of eating all this food in one day.

- Cereal with milk and fruit, a piece of toast and half a glass of juice for breakfast.
- A piece of fruit for a snack.
- A salad wrap and tub of yogurt for lunch.
- Cracker with cheese and salad for an afternoon snack.
- And a glass of milk and crumpet for supper.

You need to get the right mix of protein, carbohydrate and fat. A balanced diet also includes plenty of fibre and vitamins.

So the more exercise you do the more kilojoules you need to eat. If you don’t get enough kilojoules you won’t have the energy to exercise, think and grow. You also wouldn’t have the energy that your brain needs to think and your body needs to grow.

Too many kilojoules result in putting on weight which leads to all sorts of health problems – such as heart disease, diabetes, asthma and even cancer. Twenty five per cent of Australian children are considered to be overweight or obese.

Research shows that Australian kids are not exercising enough and are eating, and drinking, too many kilojoules. A Victorian study showed some kids are drinking up to two litres of soft drink a day. Fizzy drinks and sports drinks have lots of kilojoules but they don’t fill you up so you’ll probably still feel hungry and will eat something as well. It’s much better if you just eat a piece of fruit.

So how long can we survive without any food?

It’s not healthy to go without food – that can damage your body – but you can survive for several weeks. What you really can’t survive without is water. As we saw earlier, the Beaconsfield miners were able to survive by drinking water dripping into the cave where they were trapped. They were very thirsty and as soon as rescuers drilled the small shaft the men were given water.

Back to our desert island survivors¦.

While almonds are the best choice of food what they really need is about one and a half litres or six to seven glasses of water every day. So maybe a water bottle is more important than a snack pack!

Language Point

hand

* by hand – by using the hands, manually

* in hand – in one’s possession / under control or consideration

* out of hand – out of control
* on hand – present, available

* on one’s hands – to have responsibility or burden

* at hand – close by, near / soon in time

* on the one hand – as one point of view
* on the other hand – as another point of view

Exercise

Fill in the gap with the correct idiom

1. Don’t worry. I still have some money …………..
2. My dog got ………………. and it took an hour to calm him down.
3. It is good to have a dictionary ………………. when you write something.

4. She has three children …………… so she is very busy all day.

5. When I make bread, I knead the dough …………

6. My manger kept the situation …………., so we didn’t have to worry about it.

7. His credit card debt got ……………. and he had to sell his car to pay it off.

8. ………………, a computer game gives you entertainment, but ………………, it is highly addictive.

9. Some companies ask you to write your resume …………. to see your hand writing.

10. I don’t have the answer …………. at the moment.

11. We should start studying. The exams are …………..

12. The rugby fans got ……………….. during yesterday’s match.

13. The movie was hard to understand; ……………….., the performance of the main character was brilliant.

14. There are many people ………… to help us.

Go – There are too many phrases with ‘Go’ to list here. Further lesson will follow.

* go with – to match nicely/to accept

* go without – to not have / to cope without having something

Seem

* Subject + seem + like + Noun : It seems like rain.

* Subject + seem +Adjective : You seem healthy. It seems expensive.

* Subject + seem + to + Base Verb :
You seem to be healthy. She seems to like him. It seems to be raining.

* Subject + seem + (that) + S + V : It seems he doesn’t the idea.

Exercise (go, seem)

Fill in the gap with the correct phrase

1. They are coming, so we’ll have to ……………… their help.

2. Does this shirt …………… my pants?

3. I …………….. lunch because I didn’t have time.

4. We decided to …………. our original plan.
5. Sushi ……………. soy sauce.

Change the sentence to a different format

1. He seems busy. – He seems to ………………
2. It seems like chicken. – It seems to me (that) …………….

3. It seems you get angry easily. – You seem to …………….

4. They seem to like each other. – It seems …………………

5. She seems to be a nice person. – She seems like …………

End up – to become or do something unplanned
I forgot my wallet and ended up walking for an hour to get to work.
We wanted to eat Italian food but ended up having Mexican!

End up with – to get as a result of something
He tried hard but ended up with a poor grade.

She cooked the meat for too long and ended up with hard chewy meat.

End in – finish a certain way

Her marriage ended in divorce.
It will end in tears / diaster / tragedy / happiness.

Consider – to think carefully / to form an opinion or to judge = regard

He considers the feelings of others.

I consider him as the most generous man I have ever met.

= I consider him to be the most generous man ……..

= He is considered as the most ………

= He is considered to be the most…….

= It is considered that he is the most ………..

Suppose – to assume to be true or real

I suppose (that)he is still working.

He is supposed to be working.

This place is supposed to be the best Italian restaurant in Sydney.

You are supposed to be at work by 9 o’clock.

☼ The more exercise you do, the more kilojoules you need to eat.

The + comparative form ( + S +V), the + comparative form (+ S + V)

Examples:

The healthier you are, the longer you live.

The faster you drive, the earlier we will get there.

The sooner, the better. The bigger, the better.

Exercise

1. …………… food you eat, ………….. you get.

2. …………….. children you have, ……………. time you have to do other work.

3. …………….. a house is, ……………rooms it has.

4. ……………. people there are, ………….. the party is.

5. ……………. he sleeps, (relaxed)…………. he seems.

☼ make it easier to dig through
= make + it + adjective + (for someone or something)+ to Base Verb

it = dig through : it replace a long phrase

Example: These shoes make it hard to walk fast.

These shoes make it hard for me to walk fast.

Compare: It is impossible (for me) to work for 10 hours a day.

-> It = I work for 10 hours a day = impossible
It is nice of you to say that.
-> You = nice ≠ it = you say that

Exercise

 

Rewrite the sentence by replacing the underlined phrase with ‘it’

1. The wind makes to open my eyes difficult.

->

2. The pollution makes I breath hard.

->

3. This bed makes I sleep easier.

->

4. The noise makes I concentrate on my study difficult.

->

 

 

The Year of the Rat

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Every lesson has either a video file or mp3 recording.
Download the MSword file to print out the lesson.

Download Lesson- Year of the Rat
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Part 1

solar / lunar calendar star sign birthstone superstition folk tale

Warm up

Q1. What is your animal in the Chinese horoscope?

Q2. Do you believe that people with a certain horoscope have a certain personality?

Q3. What do you know about your animal? What kind of personality do people born with your animal have?

Listen to the recording

Words Check

horoscope
legend
banquet

sleep in

turn up

quick-witted

piggy back
celestial
stand

Post-listening

Q1. What did Jade Emperor ask Rat to do?

Q2. How were the animals ordered in the Chinese horoscope?

Q3. How did the Rat cross the river?

Q4. How arrived first at the banquet?

Q5. According to the Chinese folklore, why do cats not like rats?

 

Transcript

This will be the Year of the Rat, the first sign of the Chinese horoscope.

Why a rat, you ask? According to legend, the Jade Emperor asked the rat to deliver invitations to 12 appointed animals to attend a special banquet. He would name a year after each, according to the order in which they arrived. The cat was invited but typically, slept in. *Seeing his chance, the quick-witted Rat turned up in the cat’s place, persuading the Ox to give him a piggy-back cross the celestial river. *Jumping off on the other side the Rat was the first to arrive. Now you know why – despite what Al Stewart might think – there is no Year of the Cat. And why cats can’t stand rats!

• Phrasal Verbs

sleep

* sleep in – to oversleep, to sleep longer than you usually do

* sleep on – to think about something overnight before deciding

* sleep like a log/rock – to sleep very deeply – idiom

* sleep around – to have sex with more than one partner
* sleep with / sleep together – to have sexual relations

Exercise

1. I missed the morning train school today because I ( ) ( ).

2. She normally ( ) ( ) on weekends and has brunch at 2 o’clock. (brunch=breakfast + lunch)

3. I’m not sure if I really need this expensive DVD player. I should ( ) ( ) it.

4. I couldn’t wake you up because you were ( )!

5. He was so tired last night he ( ).

turn

* turn up – to show up, appear / to increase volume, temperature, etc.

* turn down – to reject an offer, invitation, etc. / to decrease volume,

temperature, etc.

* turn into – to become

* turn on – to start a machine / to make someone feel attraction or pleasure
turn off – opposite to “turn on”

* turn out – to produce an unexpected result / to attend / to produce

Exercise

1. He didn’t ( ) ( ) for school today.

2. Could you ( ) ( ) the music a little? I’m trying to study for an exam tomorrow.

3. They offered me the job, but I ( ) it ( ) .
→ (pronoun ‘it, this, that/me, you, she, etc’ must come between the verb and adverb)

4. Ice ( ) ( ) water when it melts.

5. She ( ) ( ) at the party in a nice black dress.

6. She is trying to ( ) her sunroom ( ) a study room.

7. The movie was boring at the beginning, but it ( ) ( ) quite good.

8. Thousands of people ( ) ( ) to see Prince Henry and William yesterday.

9. My apartment ( ) ( ) to be very cold during winter.

10. I met a guy and I liked him a lot, but it ( ) ( )that he was married!

11. He ( ) ( ) alcoholic at the age of 35.

12. I ( ) ( ) the TV and ( ) ( ) the bedside lamp to read a book.

· Present Participle Clauses

* Seeing his chance, the Rat turned up in the cat’s place.
→ When he saw his chance, the Rat turned up…. (he = the Rat : same subject)
(Subordinating clause) (main clause)

→ the verb à Base verb + – ing (present participle)

* She was talking to her friend and forgot about the chicken in the oven.

→ Talking to her friend she forgot about ……

* Because I did not feel well, I didn’t go to the cinema.

→ Not feeling well, I didn’t go to…..

* As he was a good boy, he helped his mother in the kitchen.

→ Being a good boy he helped his mother……

< Exercise >

1. He ate dinner while he watched a movie.

→

2. She didn’t call him because she was angry with him.

→

3. Because I didn’t know his address, I wasn’t able to find his house.

→

4. When we heard a crash, we looked out the window.

→

Mussel Ultimatum

I hope everyone had a nice weekend. Certainly I did. It was nice and sunny to start with and I ate lots of food :-0 lots, lots… until I felt full right up to my eyes- you would have been able to see food floating in my eyes *blush*

I had polenta hot pancakes with crème fraîche for breakfast at a fancy waterfront restaurant, which happened to be pancakes with fresh cream and grilled apricot. I just got so excited at the word ‘polenta(Italian cornmeal)’ since I had never had one before and almost every expensive restaurant in Wellington seems to have a polenta dish on menu. Disappointed by my accidental pancake experienc, I went straight to the local German bakery- they make the best cakes in the world- and grabbed these naughty delicious cakes.

The pinky sponge roll with berry cream has become my all time favourite. I had one today again. Shh…. :p So soft…hmmmm…. the cheesecake beside it wasn’t as nice as it looked, I finished it too, though.

Then, in the evening we went to Leuven, Belgian pub, and took advantage of ‘free second meal deal’ and had two pots of steamed mussels. I had almost one and half kilogram of mussels by myself. Well done, Nancy! Ta dah~!

Steamed mussels in blue cheese broth is my favourite, although I ordered saffron and garlic aioli one this time. I love the fat chunky hot chips exclusively offered by Leuven in Wellington. When I had the same food at Leuven in Sydney, it tasted different strangely. Maybe my palate remembers the taste of the food you have for the first time.

We continued to see ‘Bourne Ultimatum’, which turned out to be the best out of the whole Bourne sequals. It was so exciting! It deserves ‘The best film of the year’! I sat on the edge of the seat, stuffing myself with popcorn and choc top ice cream in thrill and excitement. Amazing car chase, smart tricks and reverse. Loved it, loved it! ;-0

Out evening ended in a late night naughty dessert cafe, with cake and hot chocolate. Hm…. what a fantastic weekend I had. Am I showing off? I guess so… *blush* Sorry, folks!

* happen to…

The shop happened to be run by Korean.
He happened to show me the photos from his childhood.

* take advantage of …

Many people are trying to take advantage of tourists.
This house will take advantage of the sun during summer.
When you are drunk and unconcious, you are more likely to get taken advantage of.

* turn out

I thought he was single, but it turned out he was married and has children.
The movie turned out to be better than I expected.

* show off

She showed off her brand new handbag.
I can’t stand people showing off money in public.

* deserve

He doesn’t deserve to be punished like that.
She deserves Oscar for her role in her recent movie.

Judge Judy on Larry King

Judge Judy is a famous reality judicial(법정의) show in America. She became one of the highest-paid woman in television, with her $100 million dollar contract for the show. She’s talking about problems with the young generation theses days.

Script & Lesson : judge-judy_young-generation.doc

Friday Feast

Friday is normally the time of the week I fire up my creativity and make special snacks and a cheese plate, and drink wine and watch movies. Hmm…what have we got in the fridge today? Black olives and an eggplant – eggplants are expensive, aren’t they? I got mine for $3.80 or something. Or is it normal? They are *abundant in Korea, they are different in shape though, narrow and straight.

*abundant /어번’던트/ 풍부한, 많은 = plentiful, staple

Now I will make a black olive spread, so called *Tapenade. It needs *kalamata olives, but Spanish black olives will do just fine, I think? It’s luck that I *marinated them long before when I first bought them just in case.

*marinate/마’러네이트/(양념)에 절이다 ex) marinated fish, beef, chicken… (n) marinade

What am I going to do with the eggplant? It’s nice roasted or grilled, isn’t it? The idea of making hummus just came across my mind. Problem! The main *ingredient is missing, chickpeas. But, guess what? I’ve got some kidney beans. To me peas and beans are from the same family, so there goes my *experiment, tee hee.^^*

*ingredient /인그리’디언트/ 재료
*experiment /익스페’러먼트/실험(하다)

I’m REALLY excited cooking tonight. It’s the first time using my new magical toy. The Wizz stick! How long have I waited for this moment to say goodbye to a whisk and *sore arm!

*sore 아픈,쑤시고 쓰라린,염증이 있는 ex) I’ve got a sore throat. I got sore feet from walking all day.

Chop, chop… pop in my magic toy everything, eggplant&garlic both roasted, olive oil, lemon juice, parsley…and the beans (I wish the fancy toy would have the power of turning them into chickpeas. ^^) Here comes.. ZZZZZzzzzzz….!!! #$%&@ WOW! It’s AMAZING! It’s really magical! I lost my words…

I will be talking more about the Wizz later, and now I better get back to my cooking. Where was I? Yeah, let’s add some spices, paprika and cumin, salt and pepper. Done!

Now, the olive spread is a piece of cake with my Wizz. Since Spanish black olives *tend to have more *subtle flavour than kalamata, I will add a little amount of red wine, *balsamic vinegar and lemon juice. Zzzzzz… done again.

*tend to ~하는 경향이 있다, ~하는 편이다
*subtle /써’틀/ 미묘한, 미세한 ex) a subtle joke, lie, smile…

Everything seems to be ready. My fresh home made Turkish flat bread is cooling down on the wire rack. Looks so good. I can’t wait to try it.

Who cares about Paris Hilton?

I happened to watch a news clip of Paris after she was released from prison. I couldn’t help but to laugh at the way she talked, shameless, unapologetic, and the way she read her notes talking about her charity work things toward the end of the clip.

If you can’t stand her for a minute, then just fast forward to 40 seconds before the end. I loved the woman sick of the whole Paris Hilton thing.

For learners….

Listen and write down what you hear. Repeat the listening until you complete 80%. Paris talks with easy words because she’s too dumb to know any other words. I will give you the list of words you might have difficulty with later. Keep trying, please. Practice makes perfect! 마지막 부분에 노트를 보고 읽는 모습.. 너무 성의없어 보이지 않아요?

 Script & Lesson- paris-hilton.doc

10 Benefits of Cinnamon

1. Studies have shown that just 1/2 teaspoon of cinnamon per day can lower *LDL cholesterol.

2. Several studies suggest that cinnamon may have a *regulatory effect on blood sugar, making it especially beneficial for people with *Type 2 diabetes.

3. In some studies, cinnamon has shown an amazing ability to stop *medication-resistant yeast infections.

4. In a study published by researchers at the U.S. Department of Agriculture in Maryland, cinnamon reduced the *proliferation of *leukemia and *lymphoma cancer cells.

5. It has an anti-*clotting effect on the blood.

6. In a study at Copenhagen University, patients given half a teaspoon of cinnamon powder combined with one tablespoon of honey every morning before breakfast had significant relief in *arthritis pain after one week and could walk without pain within one month.

7. When added to food, it *inhibits bacterial growth and food *spoilage, making it a natural food *preservative.

8. One study found that smelling cinnamon boosts *cognitive function and memory.

9. Researchers at Kansas State University found that cinnamon fights the E. coli bacteria in *unpasteurized juices.

10. It is a great source of *manganese, fiber, iron, and calcium.

*LDL cholesterol: high density lipoprotein 나쁜 콜레스테롤 cf. HDL cholesterol
*regulatory: 조절하는, 규정하는 cf. regular 규칙적인 regulation 규정, 조정
*diabetes: /다이어비’티즈/ ‘ 표시앞에 강세 옴. 당뇨병, type2 는 성인성당뇨 (a,n) diabetic /다이어비’틱/ 당뇨병의 (환자)
* resistant:/리지’스턴트/ to ~, ~에 저항하는, 저항력이 있는, medication-resistant 약물에 내성이 있는, water-resistant 물에 저항력이 있는 cf. water-proof 방수(물을 완전 차단하는 것)
*proliferation:/프로’리퍼레”이션/ 급증, 증식 nuclear proliferation핵 확산
*leukimia:/루키’미아/ 백혈병
*lymphoma:/림포’우마/림프종양
*clotting:/클로팅/고체화 anti-clotting 고체화를 방해하는
*arthritis:/아쓰라’이티스/ 관절염
*inhibit:/인히’빗/ 막다, 금하다, 억제하다
*spoilage:/스포’일리쥐/ spoil 망치다의 명사형
*preservative:/프리저’버티브/ preserve 보관하다 에서 온, 방부제
*cognitive:/코’그니티브/ recognise 인지하다 와 관련되서, 지각력있는, 인지하는
*E.coil bacteria: 대장균
*unpasteurised: /언패’스쳐라이즈드/저온살균 되지 않은 cf. pasteurise 저온살균하다 (파스퇴르?)
*manganese:/맹’거니즈/ 망간이란 금속원소이름인데, 잘 모르겠음, 알필요도 없는 것 같음 ㅋㅋ 찾아보니 이게 몸에 부족하면 중추신경계 장애를 일으켜, 특히 파킨슨 병 (Parkinson’s disease), 손 막 떠는 병, 이 걸린다네요. 어머 무서워.

(네이버 기사) -직역은 아니고 관련 기사에요, 비교하시라고.

디저트에 약간의 계피를 첨가하면 혈당 상승을 완화시킬 수 있다는 새로운 연구 결과가 나왔다.

스웨덴 말뫼 대학병원 연구가들이 14명의 건강한 자원자들을 대상으로 조사한 결과 라이스 푸딩 사발에 티스푼 한개보다 약간 많은 양의 계피를 첨가할 경우 이들의 식후 혈당 상승이 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다.

미임상영약학저널(American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)에 발표된 이같은 발견들은 계피가 혈당조절에 도움을 줄 수 있다는 과거 연구 결과들로부터 나온 증거들을 뒷바침하는 것이다.

그러나 계피를 당뇨치료제로 처방하는 것은 시기상조다.

조안나 흘레보비츠 박사와 그의 동료들은 자원자들을 대상으로 이들이 주발에 담긴 푸딩 라이스를 먹기 전후에 걸쳐 혈당을 측정했다. 이들은 14명의 지원자 개개인에게 평범한 쌀로 만든 푸딩을 먹은 후와 계피가루 양념을 해 변형한 푸딩을 먹은 후의 혈당을 측정했다.

통상적으로 식시한지 2시간 후에 이루어지는 식후 혈당검사 결과 자원자들의 혈당은 계피가 첨가된 디저트를 먹었을 때 더 낮게 상승하고 있는 것으로 나타났다.

연구팀에 따르면 이런 효과가 나타나는 한가지 이유는 계피가 음식이 위로부터 내장으로 지나가는 속도를 늦추고 있는 것처럼 보인다는 것이다.

초음파 스캔을 통해 살펴본 결과 연구팀은 자원자들이 계피 라이스 푸딩을 먹었을 때 자원자들의 위 비는 속도가 더 늦어진다는 것을 발견했다.

그러나 당뇨를 앓고 있는 사람들은 음식에 계피 첨가를 시작할 것인가에 여부에 대해 좀더 신중히 생각해야 할 것으로 보인다. 연구팀은 한 소규모 연구에서 제2형 당뇨를 앓고 있는 사람이 계피를 첨가한 음식을 40일 동안 먹었을 때 이들의 혈당 및 콜레스트롤 수치가 낮아지는 경향을 보인다는 사실을 발견했다는 점에 주목하고 있다.

반면에 최근의 한 조사에서는 제1형 당뇨환자들에게서는 이 같은 효과가 없다는 사실을 발견했다.

따라서 연구팀은 당뇨 환자들에 초점을 맞춘 연구가 보다 필요하다는 결론을 내렸다.

Banana Bran Muffins

It’s raining outside and I feel like something nice and warm to *accompany my hot chocolate. I see about half of a banana bundle in our fruit bowl blackening. Make banana bread? Hmm.. I want something different, besides bread takes an hour to cook. I CAN’T wait that long! What about muffins? With wholemeal flour? How about plain flour with *some bran? Good.

1 egg(for low cholesterol)..*whisk, whisk… yes butter or no butter? Ok, just one table spoon. Melt, melt.. mix, mix..yes sugar or no sugar? hmm.. bananas will do the sweet job, pass! Mash, mash…mix, mix.. flour&bran(good for your bowl)..mix, mix…cinnamon&vanilla…oh~ sounds good.

Off it goes into the oven. Here comes the grand low fat, low *carb healthy muffins! Enjoy it!

*accompany: 동행하다 ex) Children under 8 should be accompanied by adults.
*bran: outer skin of grains
*whisk: 거품내며 젓다 ex) Whisk egg whites to soft peak.
*carb: carbohydrate 탄수화물 cf. protein 단백질, mineral 무기질, fibre 섬유질(fiber 미식 스펠링)

Caesar

Do you like caesar salad? I do.

Do you know the origin of the salad?

Caesar salad and Julius Caesar 는 관계가 있을까? 영어로 하면?

1. Is there any relation between caesar salad and Julius Caesar? (relation 대신(instead) link or connection 을 써도 되죠.)

2. Does caesar salad have anything to do with Julius Caesar?

The answer is NO!

The caesar salad was originally made by an Italian chef named Caesar Cardini. He ran a small hotel in Mexico. On July 4, 1924, he ran out of supplies and had to whip up a meal for a group of Hollywood stars with leftover ingredients. That’s how he invented caesar salad. This is the most common story of its origin anyway.

whip up 급하게 먹을 것을 만들어 내다

run out of ~이 떨어지다 ex) We are running out of milk. I ran out of money.

leftover 남은 음식 ex) There is some leftover pizza from last night. / I’ve got some pizza left over from last night. (동사로 쓰인 경우)

The secret of caesar salad dressing: garlic, egg, Parmesan cheese(파머잔 or 파미잰),
Worcestershire sauce(오른쪽 사진)
—>anchovy(멸치),vinegar(식초),sugar 등등으로 만든 소스로 BBQ음식 맛(flavour)을 돋구아주죠(bring up).

What I was trying to tell you was not about Caesar Salad. It’s that I have been watching a TV series called ‘Rome’ on DVD. It’s about Julius Caesar. I’m on the third disc out of six at the moment. World history was my favourite subject at school.

그렇게 열심히 외웠던 내용들이 점점 기억에서 가물가물해지는게 너무 안타까와서, 티비나 영화에서 역사적인 내용이 나오면 인터넷에서 자료를 찾아 기억을 되살리려고 노력해요.

English pronunciation is different from Latin, and we follow Latin original pronunciation in Korea. So I get confused when I hear the name of places and kings & queens in English. Gaius Julius Caesar(가이어스 줄리어스 시저), for instance, is known as 가이우스 율리우스 카이사르. (102BC~44BC)

• Caesar and caesarean(cesarian) section? 시저와 제왕절개? — 시저 was born by caesarean section.

• Caesar and solar calendar? 시저와 양력 달력? — 시저 전까지 음력(lunar) 달력을 사용했는데, 시저 시대때 처음으로 Julian calendar 라고 불리는 양력 달력을 만듬.

• Caesar and Pompey? 시저와 팜페이(팜페이우스)? —시저, 팜페이 and Crassus(크래서스/크라수스) 이 셋이 로마 공화정 말기(late stage of Roman Republic) 에 삼두정치로 로마의 권력을 장악하였죠. After conquering Gaul (English‘골’ Latin ‘Gallia 갈리아’-now central Europe), Pompey와 사이가 악화되고 Egypt로 도망간 팜페이를 잡으로 갔다가 그를 죽인 로마장군을 처형하죠.

• Caesar and Cleopatra? 시저와 클레오파트라? —Whiling staying in Egypt, 도망가 있던 클레오파트라를 지도자 자리에 다시 앉히죠, 로마의 꼭두각시 역할을 하게하려고(to make her a puppet for Rome) and she gave birth to a son, Caesarion, 시저의 아들.

• “veni, vidi, vici “(I came, I saw, I conquered)—시저의 명대사 기억하죠? 소아시아(Asia Minor-now Turkey)를 정복하고 나서 message of victory 로 남긴말이죠.

• Caesar and murder? 시저와 암살? — He returned to Rome and became dictator(독재자). 독재정권 하에서 enemy(적)이 너무 많이 생겨나고, When Cleopatra came to Rome with her son, they were afraid that Caesar might be trying to become Emperor(황제). After all, Caesar was *stabbed to death by conspirators(황제정권에 반대던 로마 세력). *찔려죽다

• Caesar and Octavian? (악태이비언/옥타비아누스)— Octavian became the first Rome Emperor known as Augustus(오거스터스/아우구수투스). He was a great emperor who ended civil wars and gave Rome peace and *prosperity that lasted for 200 years. * 번영,번성

• Caesar and Epilepsy? (시저와 간질병) — Even though it is still a controversy, many historical documents suggest that he suffered from epilepsy. Famous Greek philosophers such as Socrates(소크라티스),Plato and other religious figures have been suspected of having epilepsy. 천재(genius)들은 생각이 많아서 우울증(depression)이나 personality change(순간적인 성격변화) 등의 증상이 있었을 거라 상상은 가죠. 그래서 모두 간질병을 앓았다고(suffer) 하기엔 지나친 일반화(generalisation)일수도 있죠. 근데 Caesar 증상(symptom)은 거의 사실이라고 인정한답니다(admit).

What do they eat? (1)

• one of typical(전형적인) breakfast

• the most common&traditional breakfast menu: bacon, egg, sausage, baked beans, etc with toast

— cafe or pub(호프집)에 가면 흔히 All day breakfast란 sign를볼수 있는데(오른쪽 사진), 이름은 아침식사지만, 하루 종일 serve를 한다는것. 그만큼 인기가 대단.
—난 개인적으로 smoked salmon(훈제 연어:발음 주의! <새먼>)이 my favourite(가장 좋아하는 것) 임

• 그 밖에 간단한 아침식사로, toast with peanut butter&jam, toast with Marmite or Vegemite, cereal, porridge, pancakes 등등을 먹지요.
  —-Marmite(마마이트)와 Vegemite(베지마이트)는 이스트(yeast) 추출물로 만든 각종 vitamin B 군과 엽산등 음식물로 섭취하기 힘든 영양소로 이루어져있는 spread의 일종. 호주, 뉴질랜드 사람은 Vegemite sandwich 없음 못살 정도로 iconic한 식품. 한국사람이 된장(soybean paste) 없이못살 듯이… 미국사람은 peanut butter&jam sandwich…
  * England- Marmite, Australia-Vegemite, New Zealand-both, 근데? 스위스에도 같은 종류가 있대요.
  • —-냄새(smell) and맛(taste)? Vegemite smells like very old soybean paste, but it tastes saltier than soybean paste. 처음맛본 사람들은 으악~~stinky(냄새가 고약한) 하고 소리치며 도망가는데, 중독성이 있어서(addictive) 한번 빠지면(get hooked on it) 계속 먹게 되는 미묘함이 있죠.
  • 

  • 근데 지독하다고 넘 티내면서 oh~ it smells stinky! 또는 Oh~it tastes horrible! 라고 말하면 기분 나쁘겠죠? 우리도 누가 된장냄새 안 좋다 그럼 별로 기분 안 좋잖아요. ^^
    

• 또 porridge 란걸 자주 먹는데, 이건 아주 전통적인 영국식 아침식사로 oat를 우유에 끓여서 죽처럼 먹죠. 섬유질(fibre)이 bread보다 많고 포만감(feeling full)이 오래가서 다이어트하는 사람들도 자주 먹는 음식.

• 식당에서 주문할 때, egg의 요리 스타일은 본인의 취향껏 선택을할수 있다.
  – scrambled or fried or poached(Poached eggs with avocado on toast)
  
  poached egg 는 끓는 물에 계란을 깨뜨려 읽히는 것으로 껍질 채 삶는 boiled egg 와는 좀 다르죠. 한국사람은 egg yolk(노른자)가 완전 요리된 hard cooked egg를 대부분 선호하는데, 외국사람들은 칼로 잘랐을때 노른자가 깨져 흘러내리는걸 좋아하죠. 저도 지금은 medium or soft cooked egg를 enjoy 한답니다.

High IQ link to being vegetarian

Vegetarianism has been linked to better heart health

Intelligent children are more likely to become vegetarians later in life, a study says.

A Southampton University team found those who were vegetarian by 30 had recorded five IQ points more on average at the age of 10.

Researchers said it could explain why people with higher IQ were healthier as a vegetarian diet was linked to lower heart disease and obesity rates.

The study of 8,179 was reported in the British Medical Journal.

Twenty years after the IQ tests were carried out in 1970, 366 of the participants said they were vegetarian – although more than 100 reported eating either fish or chicken.

Men who were vegetarian had an IQ score of 106, compared with 101 for non-vegetarians; while female vegetarians averaged 104, compared with 99 for non-vegetarians.

We’ve always known that vegetarianism is an intelligent, compassionate choice benefiting animals, people and the environment Liz O’Neill, of The Vegetarian Society

There was no difference in IQ score between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarian but who reported eating fish or chicken.

Researchers said the findings were partly related to better education and higher occupational social class, but it remained statistically significant after adjusting for these factors.

Vegetarians were more likely to be female, to be of higher occupational social class and to have higher academic or vocational qualifications than non-vegetarians.

However, these differences were not reflected in their annual income, which was similar to that of non-vegetarians.

Lead researcher Catharine Gale said: “The finding that children with greater intelligence are more likely to report being vegetarian as adults, together with the evidence on the potential benefits of a vegetarian diet on heart health, may help to explain why higher IQ in childhood or adolescence is linked with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease in adult life.”

Intelligence

However, she added the link may be merely an example of many other lifestyle preferences that might be expected to vary with intelligence, such as choice of newspaper, but which may or may not have implications for health.

Liz O’Neill, of the Vegetarian Society, said: “We’ve always known that vegetarianism is an intelligent, compassionate choice benefiting animals, people and the environment.

“Now we’ve got the scientific evidence to prove it. Maybe that explains why many meat-reducers are keen to call themselves vegetarians when even they must know that vegetarians don’t eat chicken, turkey or fish.”

But Dr Frankie Phillips, of the British Dietetic Association, said: “It is like the chicken and the egg. Do people become vegetarian because they have a very high IQ or is it just that they tend to be more aware of health issues?”

(source from BBC news)

Wine Diet

Watch this interview with the author of the book ‘Wine Diet’. You can learn about why wine is good for you and which wine is the best while learning English. First, just watch, don’t worry about words you don’t know. After first listening, check out the meaning of words you don’t know. I made a list of words that might be helpful for you.

moderate (a) not large, not small = reasonable (a)적당한 (v)적당히하다

ex) A moderate amount of stress can be good for your health.

Drink moderately. = Drink in moderation.

pop pills (v) to take too many pills (약을 너무 많이 먹다)

ex) She has a habit of popping pills whenever she’s stressed.

polyphenol (n) 와인에 들어있는 성분 중 하나, 폴리페놀= procyanidins 프로싸이애너딘스

component (n) = element 구성요소, 성분

purification (n) (v) purify 정화하다 = cleanse (a) pure 순결한, 깨끗한

isolate (v) 분리시키다 = (v) separate

ex) I was isolated from my friends and became very lonely.

blood vessels 혈관

longevity (n) length of life,수명= life span

ex) The average life span of a cat is 12-16 years.

regional variation 지역적으로 다양함

pinpoint (v) 매우 정확하게 꼽다 (n) 지도에 핀을 꼽아 표시한 마크

ex) He pinpointed the flaws in my argument.

blood clotting (n) 혈액이 고체화되어 혈관을 막는 현상

stroke (n) 뇌졸증, 발작

likelihood (n) = possibility (a) likely

ex) It’s likely to rain tomorrow.

shelf life (n) the length of time a product may be stored, 유효기간

ex) Preservatives has been added to increase its shelf life. (preservative 방부제)

fascinating (a) very interesting, attractive (v) fascinate 매혹시키다

alternative (a, n) 양자 택일의, 대안

ex) We need to make an alternative plan in case it’s raining.